At firstand built different models from one another until the late 1960swith theand then thebeing common to both companies. Later on, theandbecame identical, produced inand right hand drive respectivelyRationalisation of model ranges meant that production of many models in the UK switched to elsewherein Europe, including Belgium and Spain as well as Germany. Thereplaced the Taunus andCortina in 1982, drawing criticism for its radical aerodynamic styling, which was soon given nicknamessuch as "Jellymould" and "The Salesman's SpaceshipIncreasingly, the Ford Motor Company has looked to for its "world cars," such as the Mondeo, Focus, although sales of European-sourced Fords in the U.S. have beendisappointing. The Focus has been one exception to this, which has become America's best selling compact car since its launch in 2000
In February 2002, Ford ended car production in the UK. It was the first time in 90 years that Ford cars had not been made in Britain, although production of the van continues at the company's facility, engines at and, and transmissions at halewood Development of European Ford is broadly split betweenin Essex (powertrain, Fiesta/Ka, and commercial vehicles) and (body, chassis, electrical, Focus, Mondeo) in Germany. Ford also produced the range of commercial vehicles, although the use of this brand name was discontinued circa 1965. Elsewhere in continental Europe, Ford assembles the range in (Belgium), Fiesta in (Spain) and (Germany), Ka in Valencia, and Focus in Valencia, (Germany) and (Russia). Transit production is in ()(UK), and Transit Connect in .
Ford also owns a joint-venture production plant in . , established in the 1970s, manufactures the compact panel van as well as the "Jumbo" and long wheelbase versions of the full-size Transit. This new production facility was set up near in 2002, and its opening marked the end of Transit assembly in Genk.
Another joint venture plant near in Portugal, set up in collaboration with , formerly assembled the people-carrier as well as its sister ships, the and . With the introduction of the third generation of the Galaxy, Ford has moved the production of the people-carrier to the Genk plant, with Volkswagen taking over sole ownership of the Setubal facility.
In 2008, Ford acquired a majority stake in . Starting 2009,ford connect will be Ford's first model produced in , followed, in 2010, by low-capacity car engines and a new small class car
Ford Europe has broken new ground with a number of relatively futuristic car launches over the last 50 years.
Its 1959 two-door saloon was one of the most quirky-looking small family cars in Europe at the time of its launch, but buyers soon became accustomed to its looks and it was hugely popular with British buyers in particular. It was still selling well when replaced by the more practical in 1967.
The third incarnation of the was launched in 1980 and marked the company's move from rear-wheel drive saloons to front-wheel drive hatchbacks in the small family car sector.
The fourth generation Escort was produced from 1990 until 2000, although its successor - the - had been on sale since 1998. On its launch, the Focus was arguably the most dramatic-looking and fine-handling small family cars on sale, and sold in huge volumes right up to the launch of the next generation Focus at the end of 2004.
The 1982 - replacement for the long-running and massively popular and models - was a style-setter at the time of its launch. Its ultramodern aerodynamic design was a world away from a boxy, sharp-edged Cortina, and it was massively popular just about everywhere it was sold. A series of updates kept it looking relatively fresh until it was replaced by the front-wheel drive at the start of 1993.
The rise in popularity of small cars during the 1970s saw Ford enter the mini-car market in 1976 with its
AUDI
| Petrol engines | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Year | Engine type | Power, torque@rpm |
| 3.6 FSI | 2006–2009 | 3,597 cc (3.597 L; 219.5 cu in) vro FSI | 280 PS (210 kW; 280 hp)@6200, 360 N·m (270 lb·ft)@2500-5000 |
| 4.2 FSI | 2005–2009 | 4,163 cc (4.163 L; 254.0 cu in) v8 FSI | 350 PS (260 kW; 350 hp)@6800, 440 N·m (320 lb·ft)@3500 |
| Diesel engines | |||
| Model | Year | Engine type | Power, torque@rpm |
| 3.0 TDI | 2005–2007 | 2,967 cc (2.967 L; 181.1 cu in) V6 turbo | 233 PS (171 kW; 230 hp)@4000, 500 N·m (369 lb·ft)@1750-2750 |
| 3.0 TDI | 2007–2009 | 2,967 cc (2.967 L; 181.1 cu in) V6 turbo | 240 PS (177 kW; 237 hp)@4000-4400, 550 N·m (406 lb·ft)@2000-2250 |
| 3.0 TDI clean diesel | 2009- | 2,967 cc (2.967 L; 181.1 cu in) V6 turbo | 240 PS (177 kW; 237 hp)@4000-4400, 550 N·m (406 lb·ft)@2000-2250 |
| 4.2 TDI | 2007–2009 | 4,134 cc (4.134 L; 252.3 cu in) V8 turbo | 326 PS (240 kW; 322 hp)@3750, 760 N·m (561 lb·ft)@1800-2500 |
| V12 TDI | 2008- | 5,934 cc (5.934 L; 362.1 cu in) twin turbo | 500 PS (368 kW; 493 hp)@3750, 1,000 N·m (738 lb·ft)@1750-3250 |
bmw
he E36 BMW 3 Series is an . It was the successor to the bmw E30 and was eventually superseded by the bmw E46 starting in 1999 for saloons, and 2000 for coupes and cabriolets. The E36 was introduced during the 1990s.
The E36 experienced enormous success in the market. It laid strong foundations for the success that the BMW E46 experienced in subsequent years.
The E36 was sold from 1991 through 1999. It employed the "Z-axle" multilink suspension in the rear which had been proven in the Z1. variable valve timing was introduced on the DOHC L6 engines in 1993.
The four-door E36 was sold from Autumn, 1991, in the United States but the E30 2 door sedans were retained until well into 1992. The E36 convertible was delayed until 1994. The hatchback 318ti Compact was introduced in 1995 and was very popular in Europe, but it was not very successful in North America. The BMW Compact was identical to the regular E36 saloon from front bumper to A-Pillar. Everything else was unique, namely its rear semi-trailing arm suspension, based on the old E30, instead of the Z-Axle Multilink employed in all other E36's. The Z3 and M Coupe have similar rear suspension setups as well. The "Touring" estate was sold in Europe from 1995, but was not offered in the United States.
The 2.5 L M50B25 used in the 325 models was replaced in 1996 with the 2.8 L M52B28, creating the 328i line. Another 2.5 L engine, the M52B25, was reintroduced in 1998 but the cars were sold as 323 rather than 325
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